Fargo loses challenge to North Dakota’s crackdown on local gun control laws

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  • State District Judge Cherie Clark has dismissed Fargo’s lawsuit towards a North Dakota regulation proscribing local gun control measures.
  • The regulation being challenged banned weapons and ammunition-related zoning ordinances, and a Fargo statute banned firearms gross sales from being performed from residential buildings.
  • “While the Court agrees that (the North Dakota Constitution) intends for ‘maximum local self-government,’ the law is not settled that this language alone provides home rule cities the right to legislate on topics the state legislature has limited,” Clark wrote.

A choose has dismissed a lawsuit filed by North Dakota’s largest metropolis that challenged a brand new regulation banning zoning ordinances associated to weapons and ammunition.

Fargo sued final yr, calling the regulation unconstitutional and a swipe on the metropolis’s dwelling rule powers. State District Judge Cherie Clark on Tuesday granted the state’s movement for abstract judgment and dismissed town’s grievance.

“While the Court agrees that (the North Dakota Constitution) intends for ‘maximum local self-government,’ the law is not settled that this language alone provides home rule cities the right to legislate on topics the state legislature has limited,” the choose wrote.

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But she additionally expressed issues in regards to the Legislature’s actions: “If the legislature continues to pare home rule powers, home rule cities lack the discretion to address important issues impacting their respective and unique communities.”

Fargo has an ordinance banning folks from conducting sure companies out of their properties, together with gun and ammunition gross sales, mortuaries, canine grooming and automobile restore.

In 2020, about 33% of federal firearms licensees operated from residential premises, surpassing all different kinds of zoned areas, together with industrial, in accordance to a report from the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Massachusetts is the one state the place home-based gun sellers are banned, however many local governments could enact zoning laws that prohibit the apply, in accordance to data from Brady, which advocates for gun control.

Residential or “kitchen table” sellers current issues that embrace the opportunity of family residing within the dwelling the place they function, enterprise information and gun inventories changing into blended with private objects, and sellers working one other job that may hinder them from maintaining with rules, in accordance to Brady. No federal laws require weapons’ secure storage at a seller, and houses are much less seemingly to have the “robust” safety measures towards housebreaking and theft, in accordance to the group.

Fargo City Hall sign

An indication outdoors Fargo City Hall is photographed in Fargo, North Dakota, on Sept. 20, 2023. (AP Photo/Jack Dura)

The ATF St. Paul Field Division could not instantly present information on home-based sellers, however famous that licensees whose enterprise premises are their residences are comparatively widespread within the space. The company would not preserve an inventory of cities with ordinances comparable to Fargo’s, however stated others do exist.

Last yr, North Dakota’s Republican-led Legislature handed the regulation proscribing the power of cities and counties to regulate weapons and ammunition, together with buy, gross sales and possession. The regulation took impact in August. It voids current ordinances.

Previously, Fargo efficiently challenged an analogous 2021 regulation.

Mayor Tim Mahoney stated metropolis officers will meet with their authorized crew on subsequent steps.

“The previous time that we challenged it, it did it come back in our favor, so that’s what we’re going to have to see — what’s changed and do we need to take a different position on it,” he stated.

In its lawsuit, town stated it doesn’t need residents to use their properties as gun shops however added that the case hits at a bigger concern of whether or not the Legislature can “strip away” Fargo’s dwelling rule powers, which permit town sure authority, reminiscent of zoning private and non-private property.

Republican Rep. Ben Koppelman, the 2023 invoice’s sponsor, informed a Senate panel final yr that the problem got here to larger consideration in 2016 when, due to the ordinance, the ATF refused to renew the federal firearms licenses of Fargo sellers who offered out of their properties. At concern within the invoice was whether or not gun rules must be a regionally or state-controlled concern, he beforehand stated.

Koppelman welcomed the ruling as the precise resolution upholding that there are “certain things reserved under the jurisdiction of only the state.” Likely lower than a dozen sellers have been affected when Fargo’s ordinance got here to a head, and as few as 5 – 6 sellers would possibly stay now, he stated.

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“I think that if the desire is for the city of Fargo to be like a stand-alone kingdom or city-state or whatever they wish they could be, obviously this didn’t go their way,” Koppelman stated.

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